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1. Effect of Ammonia Knife Spacing on Corn YieldExperiments were conducted at DeKalb on a Drummer sicl, Dixon Springs on a Alford silt loam and Elwood on a Blaunt sicl to evaluate the effect of ammonia knife spacing at varying N rates and on different tillage systems on the yield of corn Nitrogen was awlied at 180 1bs N/acre at bath DeKalb and El& and at 210 lbs N/acre at Dixon Springs in the knife spacing by tillage study. In the rate by knife spacing by time of application study at DeKalb, the preplant nitrogen was placed under where the rows... |
2. On-Farm Nitrogen Fertilizer DemonstrationsThe Magdoff Pre-Sidedress Nitrate Test (PSNT) has been successful 1y used in the Northeast and humid parts of Midwest to improve N fertilizer recommendations. A modified version of the Magdoff PSNT was evaluated in 1989 and 1990 in Michigan. Fifty-three large scale on-farm corn N demonstrations were carried out. Two rates of N (a reduced rate and a high rate) were rep1 icated 3 to 6 times in each field. Forty-six sites showed no significant (p=.05) yield reduction due to the reduce N rate. Forty-nine... |
3. Manure Source and Rate Effects on Soil Test Levels and Corn GrowthNutrient management planning has become an important tool in an effort to improve water quality. In Wisconsin, nutrient management regulations are in the process of moving to a phosphorus (P) based standard. As such, P budgeting and the P index will greatly influence manure applications. Thus, there is a need to better understand how soil test P changes with respect to a P based manure application. In Wisconsin, only 60 % of the total P applied in manure is considered to be available to the crop... |
4. Manure Application Technology and Impact on Nitrogen DynamicsA field study was carried out ne ar Elora, Ontario to assess the impact of manure application timing and method on ammonia volatilization a nd nitrogen availability to the crop. A novel method was developed and calibrated for quan tifying ammonia volatilization using passive dosimeter tubes, which promises to provide an economical alternative to other methods. Ammonia loss was negligible from injected manure treatments, and when manure was incorporated immediately it had smaller losses th an when... |
5. Soybean Production Research: A National ApproachU.S. soybean growers are looking for alternative methods to increase soybean yields and recent increases in commodity prices have given producers more freedom to invest in additional crop inputs or products. Unfortunately, quality data from studies addressing multiple contemporary inputs is scarce. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of combined soybean inputs on seed yield. These high input systems were tested in six states to evaluate their value across a broad geography.... |
6. Stand Age Affects Fertilizer Nitrogen Response in First-Year Corn Following AlfalfaThrough a symbiotic relationship with soil bacteria, alfalfa can acquire nitrogen (N) from the atmosphere, use the N for its own growth, and contribute large amounts of N to subsequent crops. To estimate this N contribution, most land-grant universities use book-value N credits based on alfalfa stand density at termination. However, a recent literature analysis indicated that alfalfa stand density is not a reliable predictor of grain yield response to fertilizer N in first-year corn. That analysis... |
7. Cover Crops Following Corn Silage and Winter WheatCover crops are widely used in Wisconsin following corn silage or winter wheat harvest to control erosion, but effects on subsequent corn yields and their optimum N rates have not been documented. Two separate studies were conducted to: (1) determine the effect of rye as a cover or silage crop on corn yields at varying N rates and (2) determine the effect of radish on corn yields and optimum N rates. In two of three years, a reduction in corn silage yield was determined following rye silage compared... |
8. Corn Nitrogen Rate Response Trials in Northwest and Westcentral Minnesota, 2007=-2009With the growing number of corn producers and increased acres of corn in NW and WC Minnesota along with the revisions in the Univer sity of Minnesota Corn Nitrogen Guidelines (2006) many northern corn growers were asking a bout the validity of the new nitrogen guidelines for corn production in the region. Prior to 2007, University of Minnesota calibration and correlation data included in the new guidelines did not include any research sites north of Interstate 94. A request for funding from the Minnesota... |
9. Remote Sensing as a Tool for AgricultureThe tendency for nearlv everything in our society to be bigger, better, faster, easier, cheaper, and safer than in the past has resulted in many challenges. Agriculture is not immune from these trends, and in some cases agriculture even leads the way. Incorporation of remote sensing into site- specific management activities is one area where technologies are being merged to develop a new array of products that are intended to help producers and consultants make better and more timely management decisions.... |
10. Nitrogen benefits when interseeding red clover into continuous cornInformation pertaining to the benefits of intereseeding cover crops is lacking. Red clover is a leguminous cover crop that can grow in low radiation environments, is winter hardy for much of the northern USA, and is a low cost weed suppressant that has been shown to provide a nitrogen credit and improve corn yield. While it is clear that red clover is a cover crop that can provide immediate economic benefits in grain-based cropping systems, the potential N credit and the effect of interseeding... H. Francis, M. Ruark, C. Zegler, D. Smith, J. West |
11. Side-dressing Nitrogen Influence on Nitrogen Release Dynamics of Early and Late-Terminated Cereal Cover CropTermination date and nitrogen application of corn (Zea mays L.) can influence the decomposition rate of cover crops in a corn cropping system. Our objective was to evaluate (i) the biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fertilized with 34 kg N/ha and (ii) decomposition rate of wheat terminated early (4 weeks prior to planting) and late (at corn planting time) with and without side-dressing N at 168 kg N/ha. Our preliminary data... A. Sadeghpour, G. Singh, A. Weidhuner, R. Lange |
12. Stover Removal Effects on Continuous Corn Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency Under IrrigationCorn (Zea mays L.) residue or stover is harvested as supplemental feed for livestock and is a primary feedstock for cellulosic biofuels. Limited information is available on corn residue removal effects on grain yield under different nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, irrigation rates and amelioration practices to minimize soil carbon loss and soil erosion. A study on a silt loam in south, central Nebraska (2011-2016) evaluated potential interactions between stover removal (residue removal,... M. Schmer, V. Jin, A. Sindelar, R. Ferguson, B. Wienhold |
13. The Anaerobic Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen Test as a Tool for Nitrogen Management in the MidwestThe anaerobic potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMNan) test is a tool that can improve estimations of mineralizable nitrogen (N) and enhance nitrogen use efficiency. This tool may also help improve predictions of N uptake, grain yield, and the economic optimum nitrogen rate (EONR) of corn (Zea mays L.). A 32 site-year study across eight US Midwestern states was conducted to 1) compare the effect of incubation length (7-, 14-, 28-d), soil sampling timing, N fertilizer rate, and their... J. Clark, K. Sloan veum, F. Fernandez, J. Camberato, P. Carter, R. Ferguson, D. Franzen, N. Kitchen, C. Laboski, E. Nafziger, J. Sawyer, J. Shanahan |
14. CORN YIELD AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY RESPONSE TO WHEAT COVER CROP AND SPLIT NITROGEN APPLICATIONCorn (Zea mays L.) grain is a major commodity crop in Illinois and its production largely relies on timely application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers. Currently, growers in Illinois and other neighboring states in the U.S. Midwest use the maximum return to N (MRTN) decision support system to predict corn N requirements. However, the current tool does not factor in implications of integrating cover crops into the rotation, which has recently gained attention among growers due to several... R. Keshavarz-afshar, E. Jahanzad, M. Battaglia, Y. Luo, A. Sadeghpour, O. Adeyemi |
15. Precision planting impacts on winter cereal rye growth, nutrient uptake, spring soil temperature, and adoption costGrowing winter cereal rye (Secale cereale) (WCR) has been identified as an effective in-field practice to reduce nitrate-N and phosphorus (P) losses to Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB), USA. In the Midwestern USA, growers are reluctant to plant WCR especially prior to corn (Zea mays L.) due to N immobilization and establishment issues. Precision planting of WCR or “Skipping the corn row” (STCR) can minimize some issues associated with WCR ahead of corn while reducing... |
16. Carbon Credit and Sequestration in Agroecosystems; Lessons from Trials in Southern IllinoisA carbon (C) credit is the attribution of net CO2-C equivalent which can be used to decrease climate forcing through a given practice or farming system for a given unit time. Carbon credits allow industries to purchase C that is produced on a farm (i.e., offsets). Carbon can be captured in two ways; (i) by capturing and reducing greenhouse gasses (on a CO2-C equivalent basis), and/or (ii) by increasing soil organic C stocks. Therefore, to enable C credits in the agricultural... A. Sadeghpour, A.M. Weidhuner, G. Burkett, O. Zandvakili, O. Adeyemi, C. Kula, J. Berberich, J. Pike, A.J. Margenot |
17. Cover Crop Species and Planting Methods Influence on Corn N Requirement in Southern IllinoisIt is well established that planting cover crops prior to corn (Zea mays L.) can influence soil temperature, moisture, and nitrogen (N) dynamics. These changes in soil along with the effects of cover crop on corn plant population can influence corn grain yield and N requirement. Two strategies to facilitate corn establishment and avoid N immobilization especially in winter cereal cover crops is by mixing cover crop species or skipping the corn row (precision planting). A randomized complete... A. Sadeghpour, C. Kula, G. Sener, C. Vick |
18. Corn Nitrogen Requirement in Winter Cereal Cover Crop Trials in Southern IllinoisWinter cereal cover crops, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and winter rye (Secale cereale L.) are recommended as the best in-field management strategy by the Illinois Nutrient Loss Reduction Strategy (INLRS) to minimize nitrate-N leaching to the Mississippi River Basin and the Gulf of Mexico. We evaluated the effect of wheat and winter rye on corn grain yield, and nitrogen (N) requirement. Treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates... A. Sadeghpour, O. Adeyemi, O. Guzel, C. Kula, J. Mcgrath, G. Sener guzel |
19. Does Sensor-based Nitrogen Management Maintain Crop Production and Decrease Nitrate-N Leaching?To improve water quality, nitrogen (N) management in corn production systems should shift from current N decision support system [maximum return to N (MRTN)] which suggests a single rate N addition to sensor-based (GreenSeeker) active N management (variable N rate approach). Single rate N recommendations often result in under- and over-N addition and either increase environmental N losses or cause corn yield penalty. Our objectives were to evaluate corn optimum nitrogen N requirement (EORN) in... A. Sadeghpour, M. Guzel, J. Mcgrath, O. Adeyemi, B. Arnall, O. Guzel |
20. Does Nitrogen Management in Winter Wheat Affects Its Yield and Nitrate-N Leaching in a Wheat-Soybean Double Cropping System?Conventional corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation contributes to nitrate-N and phosphate leaching to waterbodies causing water quality concerns. Two strategies that could minimize N and P losses include (i) incorporating winter rye (Secale cereale L.) (WR) as a cover crop to capture residual nutrients or (ii) intensifying the corn-soybean rotation with winter wheat (WW) (Triticum aestivum L.) (Double cropping). Double cropping WW at a right N... A. Sadeghpour, O. Ola, O. Guzel, K.L. Gage, K. Williard, J. Schoonover, S. Mueller |
21. Does Nitrogen Fertilization with Manure Injection Versus Surface Application Influence Corn for Silage and Winter Rye Yield, Quality, Phosphorus Balance and Soil Test Phosphorus Over Three Years?Switching from nitrogen (N)-based to phosphorus (P)-based manure management has been shown to decrease P loss to the environment allowing for sustainable P management in dairy farms. At high P soils, dairy farmers often surface apply the liquid manure to corn (Zea mays L.) for silage at the P-based rates and supplement the limited N to corn with N fertilizers to ensure optimum crop production. With high fertilizer prices, one solution to reducing the N requirement of corn could be to... A. Sadeghpour, G. Burkett, S. Babaei, O. Adeyemi, K. Vaughn, C. Kula |
22. Response of Corn to Planting Methods of Cover Crop Species and Nitrogen Rate in Southern IllinoisIt is well established that planting cover crops prior to corn (Zea mays L.) can influence soil temperature, moisture, and nitrogen (N) dynamics. These changes in soil along with the effects of cover crop on corn plant population can influence corn grain yield and N requirement. Two strategies to facilitate corn establishment and avoid N immobilization especially in winter cereal cover crops is by mixing cover crop species or skipping the corn row (precision planting). A randomized complete... A. Sadeghpour, G. Sener guzel, C. Kula, C. Vick |
23. Cover Crop Species and Planting Methods Influence on Corn N Requirement in Southern IllinoisIt is well established that planting cover crops prior to corn (Zea mays L.) can influence soil temperature, moisture, and nitrogen (N) dynamics. These changes in soil along with the effects of cover crop on corn plant population can influence corn grain yield and N requirement. Two strategies to facilitate corn establishment and avoid N immobilization especially in winter cereal cover crops is by mixing cover crop species or skipping the corn row (precision planting). A randomized complete... A. Sadeghpour, C. Kula, G. Sener |
24. Nitrogen Rate and Harvesting Time Based on Growing Degree Days Influenced Winter Cereal Rye Morphological Traits, Forage Yield, Quality, and Farm Profit in Poorly Drained AlfisolsWinter cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) (WCR) is often double cropped with maize for silage (Zea mays L.) to increase farm forage supply and profit. Spring nitrogen (N) fertilization to WCR could influence its production and quality at different harvesting times. Therefore, two on-farm trials were conducted in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 growing seasons to evaluate the effect of harvesting time (late-March to end-of-April considering the growth stage) and spring N fertilization... G. Burkett, K. Vaughn, O. Adeyemi, O. Zandvakili, M. Battaglia, S. Babaei, J. Nair, S. Still, A. Sadeghpour |