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1. Phosphorus Management on Extremely Acid Soils in South Central KansasResearch was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of phosphate fertilizer in reducing the toxicity of soluble aluminum (Al) on very acidic soil for production of winter wheat. Banded P fertilizer increased wheat grain yields significantly with the response being greater on unlimed compared to lime conditions. Based on the findings of this research coupled with Oklahoma State University research, banded P is an alternative to liming for wheat production on extremely acidic soils with considerable... |
2. Corn Production as Affected by Daily Fertilization with Ammonium, Nitrate, and PhosphorusManipulation of N fertilization to control NH,+/NO,' ratios in the soil can affect corn (Zea mqs L.) growth and yield. Field study of these effects, however, has been difficult to conduct because nitrification of NH,+ andlor NO, leaching often occurs during the growing season. The objectives of this 4-year field experiment, were to investigate the effects of daily fertilization with various N sources and P on corn growth and yield. Pioneer 3343 was fertilized with solutions of urea (U), NH,CI, Ca(N03)2(CN),... |
3. Site-Specific Manure Application Effects on Corn Yield and N StatusManure, a renewable resource, is an excellent source of nutrients that can be substituted for synthetic types of fertilizers. The organic matter in manure can enhance the physical and chemical properties of soils, especially infertile soils, as these soils typically contain low levels of organic matter and nutrients, and have low water holding capacities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of manure application for improving crop yield and N status in less productive areas within... |
4. Winter Annual Weeds Affect Nitrogen Availability for No-Till CornWinter annual weeds effects on nitrogen availability have not been adequately studied. The objective of this study was to determine winter annual weed s effects on nitrogen availability for rainfed no -till corn (Zea mays L.) following soybeans ( Glycine max L. Merr.). Field research was conducted in 2010-2011 at 14 sites with heavy winter annual weed pressure in eastern Kansas. A two -factor factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications included t hree herbicide... |
5. Response to Starter Applied Sulfur in Combination with Nitrogen and Phosphorus Across a LandscapeCorn ( Zea Mays L.) response to starter fe rtilizer combinations containing sulfur were studied using a replicated strip trial methodology. Combinations of ni trogen (20 lbs N), phosphorus (20 lbs P 2O5), and sulfur (25 lbs S) were applied two inches beside and below the seed with the planter and compared with a no-starter control a nd 25 lbs broadcast sulfur. Early plant growth was consistently increased by starter P and so metimes by starter N, while sulfur uptake was increased by S and P application.... |
6. Winter Annual Weeds Effect on Corn Response to NitrogenThe timing to control winter annua l weeds is a management concern for producers. In regards to corn response to nitrogen, the objective was to determine how important the timing of winter annual weed control is for no-till, rainfed co rn production following soybeans by assessing: soil water and nitrate; early growth and nitrogen uptake of corn; nitr ogen status of corn at silking- blister; and grain yield. Field research was conduc ted in 2010 at seven locations in Kansas. There were four different... |
7. Evaluation of Nitrate Leaching Potential from Slow and Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer Application to Irrigated CornThe use of slow and controlled release nitrogen (N) fertilizers as a practice to reduce nitrate leaching from irrigated corn was evaluated on coar se-textured soils in the Central Platte River Valley of Nebraska in 2007 & 2008. Slow-releas e methylene urea (MU) and polymer-coated urea (PCU) were compared to a standard fertil izer of urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution. Flooding in 2007 severely impacted the study site, and results are not reported here. Saturated soils were common at the site in... |
8. Effects of Sampling Time, Soil Moisture Content, and Extractant on Soil Test Potassium LevelsAn accurate prediction of plant-available pota ssium (K) requires a thorough understanding of the mechanisms that might impact soil test K. A three year field study was developed to determine relationships between soil test potassium (STK) levels and time of soil sampling, soil moisture content, and extractant. Five field sites were established in 2006 throughout Wisconsin at Arlington, Hancock, Marshfield, and Lancaster Agricultural Resear ch Stations, and a private farm in Fond du Lac county each... |
9. Chloride Fertilization on Wheat, Corn, and Grain SorghumResearch in the Pacific Northwest and the Northern Great Plains has documented positive cereal grain responses to chloride (CI) fertilization. Field research was conducted in Kansas evaluating CI fertilization on winter wheat, corn, and grain sorghum. Chloride fertilization consistently and significantly increased plant CI concentrations in all crops. Chloride fertilization increased grain yields or one or more winter wheat cultivars at 3 of 4 sites. The most dramatic yield increases were at the... |
10. Does Maize Need Pre-Plant N if Sub-Drip Fertigation Can be Used To Provide Season Long N?Multiple nitrogen (N) applications are becoming more common as a way to assure adequate N availability for optimum growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.), while minimizing the potential for negative environmental consequences associated with N loss. Unclear, however, is how much N needs to be applied at planting in order to get the full value of in-season applications. Our objectives were to determine the amount of preplant N needed to maximize maize yield, when additional N is provided... B. Wiegmann, F. Below |
11. Post-Harvest Soil Nitrate Following Corn Production in Eight Midwestern StatesApplying nitrogen (N) at economically optimal rates (EONR) and at times of rapid crop uptake are practices that are thought to minimize the amount of residual soil nitrate (RSN) in the profile that may be susceptible to loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rate (0 to 280 lb N/a in 40 lb increments) and timing (pre-plant (PP) or PP plus V9 sidedress (PP+SD)) of N application on corn grain yield and RSN in the top 3 feet of soil relative to the calculated EONR. Thirty-two... C. Bandura, C. Laboski, J. Camberato, P. Carter, R. Ferguson, F. Fernandez, D. Franzen, N. Kitchen, E. Nafziger, J. Sawyer, J. Shanahan |
12. Topsoil Thickness Effects on Phosphorus and Potassium Dynamics on Claypan SoilsDue to variable depth to claypan (DTC) across landscapes, nutrient supply from subsoils, and crop removal, precise P and K fertilizer management on claypan soil fields can be difficult. Therefore, a study was performed to determine if DTC derived from soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) could be used to improve P and K management for corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max [L.]). Research was conducted on a claypan soil at the University of Missouri’s... L. Conway, M. Yost, N. Kitchen, N. Kitchen, K. Sudduth |
13. Variation in Internal N Efficiency of Corn and Impact on Yield-Goal Based N RecommendationsInternal N efficiency (IE) is defined as bushels per acre (GY) produced per pound of N per acre (PMN) in the plant at physiological maturity (R6). Internal N efficiency defines the required amount of plant N content at R6 in a yield-goal based N rate recommendations (currently used in 30 U.S. states) and several commercial N recommendation models. Commonly IE is assumed to be constant at an approximate value of 0.8 bu lb-N-1 in yield-goal based recommendations. Our research objective was... M. Shafer, J. Camberato, P. Carter, R. Ferguson, F. Fernandez, D. Franzen, N. Kitchen, C. Laboski, E. Nafziger, R. Nielsen, J. Sawyer, J. Shanahan |
14. Improving Nitrogen Management in Dryland Winter Wheat Production in NebraskaWheat producers in Nebraska endured a significant loss in profit due to reduced grain protein in years that had wet springs such as in 2016 and 2017. Among many potential factors, soil nitrogen (N) is the most central factor that affects protein levels in wheat. To investigate the effect of N on wheat grain yield and protein content, field trials across the State were initiated in 2018. The specific objectives of the field study were to evaluate the effects of different N rates and application... |
15. Comparative Effects of Herbicide, Nitrogen Inhibitors and Nitrogen Source on Nitrification and Corn YieldNitrogen management in crops can be challenging due to nitrogen transformations and losses in soil, such as nitrification and denitrification. Nitrification is the conversion of ammonium (NH4+) to nitrate (NO3-) by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. Nitrates can be lost through leaching during heavy precipitation. Nitrification inhibitor products are used to temporarily slow the nitrification process by... W. Neels, A. Jhala, B. Maharjan, R. Little, J. Iqbal |
16. Does Interseeded Cover Crops Composition Affect Corn N Fertilizer Needs and Corn and Soybean Yields?Cover crops are often recommended as a valuable practice to develop more sustainable cropping systems. However, interseeding cover crops may change the amount and timing of nitrogen (N) provided to the crop from decomposition (mineralization), which may increase or decrease the N fertilizer required to optimize corn grain yield. This study aims at understanding the effect of cover crop composition (single and multispecies) on soil biological measurements, corn N requirements, and corn and soybean... S. Kodali, J.D. Clark |
17. Impact of Cover Crop Composition on Nitrogen Application Rates and the Subsequent Yields of Corn and SoybeanInterseeding cover crops presents a promising strategy for enhancing the sustainability of agricultural systems. Nevertheless, the practice of interseeding cover crops introduces a dynamic element to nitrogen (N) cycling, potentially altering both the quantity and timing of N release through decomposition (mineralization). This variability in N availability may, in turn, influence the optimal nitrogen fertilizer requirements to maximize corn grain yield. However, long-term studies are essential... J.D. Clark , P. Kovacs, P. Sexton, S. Osborne, S. Kodali |