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1. Interaction of Potassium Fertilization and Row Width for SoybeansIn the past several years the row width of soybeans has decreased substantially. As row width decreases the amount of soil between rows for soybean roots to explore and from which to extract nutrients has decreased. Also many acres in the Midwest have little or no fertilizer added in the soybean year but rely on residual nutrients left from the previous crop. In this study the effect of row width and method of potassium fertilization for soybeans was investigated. ... |
2. Potassium RecommendationsMost soils have relatively large contents of total K but relatively small amounts of plant- available K+. Potassium is found as a component of several minerals that release it to soluble and exchangeable forms by weathering at greatly differing rates. These forms are shown in the adjacent figure. Some of these minerals also have the capacity to reabsorb (fix) added K+ back into their structures in nonexchangeable form. Even the exchangeable K+ is bonded with different strengths depending on the type... |
3. Real-Time Soil Nitrate SensingIon-selective field effect transistors (ISFETs) have inherent features such as small dimensions. low output impedance. high signal-to-noise ratio, low sample volumes and the potential for mass production, which are required for a real time soil sensor. However, ISFETs have the disadvantage of long-term drift, which is diminished by the use of a Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) system. In fact, FIA and ISFETs are complementary since the small sample volumes and rapid response of ISFETs allow the miniaturization... |
4. N x K Interactions- CornA study was conducted at OARDC-Western Branch near Springfield, OH for 4 years starting in 1992 to investigate the effects of N and K on corn production N uptake. The soil series was a Crosby Silt Loam with approximately 2.5% organic matter. All nutrients were in the above average levels on the soil test except for exchangeable K levels. See table 2 for soil test K levels. The corn hybrid Countryrnark 735 was seeded approximately the last week of April at 35,000 seeddacre. A split plot design with... |
5. Spatial Analysis of Yield-Limiting FactorsThe spatial relationship between crop yields and soil and site parameters was modeled using several methods. Yield maps estimated by projection pursuit regression and neural network analysis agreed well with measured yields. These methods also allowed generation of response curves for estimated yield as a function of each of the input parameters. These response curves were useful for investigating the relationship between yields and individual soil and site parameters. ... |
6. Spatial Prediction of Crop Productivity Using Electromagnetic InductionAn inexpensive and accurate method for measuring water-related, within-field soil productivity variation would greatly enhance site-specific crop management strategies. This paper reports on investigations to use an electromagnetic induction (EM) sensor to map claypan (Udollic Ochraqualfs) and alluvial (Typic and Aquic Udipsarnnlents, and Aeric Fluvaquents) soil conductivity variations and to evaluate the relationship of EM measurements to grain crop production. Grain yield measurement was obtained... |
7. Summary of How Fertilizer Dealers Integrated Manure into Their Nutrient Management ProgramsTwo fertilizer dealers established manure brokerages in Ohio in the spring of 1992. One was in Holrnes County in Northeast Ohio with Progressive Crop Service, an independent fertilker dealer. This county is in an area which has a high concentration of poultry located in the eastern part of the county. Most of the row crop agriculture is in the western side of the county. The terrain is rolling and this is an Amish community which tends to have small fkms. The second site is in Darke County in western... |
8. The Potential use of Polymer-Coated Urea as a Spring Nitrogen Source for WheatMost of the soils in Northwest Ohio are medium to fine texture with poor internal drainage. Tile drainage has improved these fields, but nitrogen loss still often occurs from denitrification, especially during cold and wet springs. Growers compensate for this potential loss by applying more N at green-up or split spring applications. both of which add costs. -4 slow release N fertilizer may reduce the need for more N or split applications. One of the new time release N products is polymer-coated... |
9. The Potential use of Polymer-coated Urea as an In-Furrow Fertilizer for CornMost of the soils in Northwest Ohio are medium to fine texture with poor internal drainage. Tile drainage has improved these fields, but nitrogen loss still often occurs from denitrification, especially during cold and wet springs. The use of no-till practices has accentuated the problem. Starter fertilizers at planting have often improved the early growth of corn under these cold and wet conditions. IIowever, weather conditions may prevent timely sidedressing after planting, and cause N deficiency... |
10. Fall Applied Controlled-Release Nitrogen as a Nitrogen Source for Soft Red Winter WheatSoil conditions are often not conducive for timely spring N applications on wheat. Fall applications may save labor and be more economical when blended with other nutrients such as phosphorus. However, many N sources may be susceptible to loss before uptake by the wheat plant. This study evaluated fall applied controlled-release N as a N source for wheat. ... |
11. Supplemental N on Soybeans After FloweringThis one year study evaluated the yield response of soybeans to three urea-N sources applied at R3 (early pod), R5 (early bean fill), and R6 (late bean fill) growth stages. Nitrogen sources were urea, urea plus a urease inhibitor (~grotain~) and a controlled-release N (POLYON AG@ polymer-coated urea). Seventy-five Ib per acre of actual N was applied by hand to 10 x 40 foot plots. Experimental design was a completely randonlized block with four replications. Analysis was a 3 x 3 factorial and a zero... |
12. Timing of Spring N Application to Soft Red Winter WheatHistorically, in the northern Corn Belt, the majority of the N for winter wheat is applied as a single application when fields become green and initiate spring growth (Greenup). Time between initial spring greenup and early stem elongation (Feekes GS 6) is relatively short (four to six weeks). During this time, the potential for N loss is generally low because soil and air temperatures are cold enough to minimize volatilization and nitrification. Producers attempt to apply N at greenup because field... |
13. Impact of Nitrogen and Sulfur Fertilization on Wheat Yield and QualitySulfur (S) contributed by rainfall has decreased by 50% over the last twenty-seven years and may increase the need for S supplementation by fertilization. Nitrogen (N) application is typically split applied in Ohio with some applied in the fall and remainder applied in the spring near first green-up. The objective of this study was to compare N application source and timing with and without S fertilization. Two experimental locations were established in the fall of 2004. Urea and urea-ammonium nitrate... |
14. Impact of Nitrogen and Sulfur Fertilization on Wheat Yield and Quality in 2006Historically, wheat has not responded to supplemental sulfur (S) on fine to medium textured soils with adequate organic matter. However, improved sulfur scrubbers in the industrial sector have decreased the amount of S contributed annually by rainfall. Annual S deposition in Ohio has decreased by 50% over the last twenty-seven years (NADP, 2005). This may lead to greater demand for S in Ohio crops. Recent Oho research showed a positive response to ammonium sulfate but did not have the parameters... |
15. Recent Perspectives for Starter Fertilizer Use on Corn in MinnesotaApplication of fertilizer with the seed at planning has been a popular choice for Minnesota corn farmers to get their crop off to a fast start. Traditionally the salt index of a fertilizer has been important in farmers' management decisions. A research study was conducted at six locations on fine and coar se textured soils around Minnesota. Three fertilizer grades, 4-10-10, 10-34-0, and 3-18-18 were compared at two rates and in three placements relative to the seed. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)... |
16. Evaluation of Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilization on Corn and Soybean Yields and Soil Test Levels in OhioThe most recent fertilizer phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) recommendations for corn and soybean grown in Ohio were established in the mid-90s and research is required to verify the appropriateness of these recommendations after 20 years. In this study, corn and soybean rotations were established and maintained at three sites from 2006 to 2014 and fertilizer P and K were applied at 1) zero rates, 2) estimated nutrient removal rates and 3) twice the estimated nutrient removal rates for each rotation.... |
17. Influence of Nitrapyrin on Nitrate Concentrations in SoilsIn central Ohio most of the water used for d&g comes from the Scioto River Watershed. This water shed in primarily composed of farmland in which corn and soybeans are the dominant crops. Periodically the nitrogen in the Scioto River exceeds safe drinlung water standards of 10 ppm nitrate nitrogen. Several EPA studies have concluded the high nitrate nitrogen levels are the results of nitrate flushes through the underground tile in agricultural fields. These flushes of high nitrates usually from late... |
18. Precision Phosphorus Management for SoybeanSoybean responds to phosphorus fertilization in the Midwest. Most correlation and calibration data suggests that soybean is less responsive than corn. Because of this. normal management in the Upper Midwest is to fertilize before the corn crop in a corn-soybean rotation for both the corn crop and following soybean crops. This saves the cost of one application and the logistical problem of fertilization with P after a corn harvest. This management works well in soils tvith a pH less than 7.4 and... |
19. Grid Soil Sample Interpolation Using Geographicaly Weighted Regression and Random ForestSoil sampling is useful in agriculture for setting fertilizer application rates. High density soil samples can also be used for variable rate seeding and other precision agriculture applications. Half-acre grid soil samples were collected from 6 soybean fields, and phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and organic matter (OM) were measured. Each soil parameter was interpolated for each field, with terrain attributes as covariates, using two different methods: geographically weighted regression (GWR)... E. Matcham, S. Subburayalu, J. Fulton, E. Hawkins, P. Paul, L. Lindsey |