Proceedings
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1. Effect of Ammonium to Nitrate Rations of Fertilizers Applied at Various Times Throughout the Growing Season on Yield and Nitrogen Concentrationof CornA number of recent investigations have produced evidenm that the ionic form of N taken up by roots affects the growth of plants. While soil- plants generally take up rest of their N as nitrate, there is evidence that increasing the relative proportion of ammonium in the culture (or soil) solution can enhance growth and yield. Owing to difficulties in prevent* the rapid miaxbial conversion of ammonium to nitrate in soil, this response has nat been well demnstrated in a field situation. The objective... |
2. Yield and N Concentraions of Corn with Different N Sources Applied at Different timesA number of recent investigations have produced evidence that the ionic form of N taken up by roots affects the growth of plants. While soil- grown plants generally take up most of their N as nitrate, there is evidence that increasing the relative proportion of ammonium in the culture (or soil) solution can enhance growth and yield. Owing to difficulties in preventing the rapid microbial conversion of ammonium to nitrate in soil, this response has not been well demonstrated in a field situation.... |
3. Delivering Continuing Education to Ag Professionals- The Crop Adviser InstituteContinuing education is essential for agricultural professionals, whether required by a certifjmg organization or completed voluntarily as a supplemental educational opportunity. Agricultural continuing education has traditionally been delivered on-site, but temporal, geographical, and other constraints often prevent individuals from attending these courses. The Crop Adviser Institute (CAI) has been established to provide an alternative method of delivering continuing education. Implementation of... |
4. Strip till Nitrogen Placement, and Starter Fertilizer Effects on Corn Growth and YieldStrip tillage, a system where residue is removed and small ridges are formed in the fall in the position of next year's rows, has become an increasingly popular alternative to 0-till for corn in Illinois. Over three years and eight environments in Central and Northern Illinois, tillage had no effect on grain yield: conventional tillage, strip tillage, and 0-till produced 1 1.67, 11.67, 1 1.57 Mg/ha, respectively. There were also no differences in yield due to N timing, N placement, or starter fertilizer.... |
5. Residual P Effects on Soybean Yield and Nutrient Removal RatesLong-term experiments were conducted from 1997-2003 on a Nicollet-Webster clay loan soil complex at Waseca, MN to determine the availability of residual P applied for corn on the yield and removal of P by soybeans in the following year. Phosphorus was applied either with the seed at planting as a starter, 5 to 6" deep in a band in the fall, or broadcast and incol-porated by tillage. Tillage systems included no till, strip till, spring field cultivation, and chisel plow plus field cultivation. Tillage... |
6. Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Distribution and Gaseous Flux Due to Landscape Position and Temperate Alley-Cropping Practices in an Agricultural WatershedSoil NzO and COz efflux can be stimulated by agricultural practices whlch may contribute to an enhanced global warming effect. However, the efflux of these two gases in response to landscape position and soil conservation management practices such as contour strips in a temperate agoforestry alley cropping system has not been extensively studied. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of alley cropping and landscape position on soil total organic C and total N distribution and N20... |
7. Corn Yield Response to Fall and Spring Applied Controlled- Release Urea vs. Spring Conventional UreaNitrogen (N) application to corn has been proven to increase yields, but concerns about nitrate-N in ground and surface water have led to investigation of controlled-release N fertilizer. The objective of these experiments is to compare corn grain response to controlled-release urea (ESN) and conventional urea. Two field studies are being conducted at two locations in Iowa and corn yield data will be reported from 2003-2005. All N treatments were hand broadcast in 30 lb N/a increments from 0 lbs.... |
8. Soil pH and Manganese Effects on Roundup Ready SoybeansSoybean 'flas'h is a general yellowing of th e upper soybean canopy thought to be associated with high rates of glyphosate and reduced levels of manganese (Mn) with glyphosate-resistant soybeans. Several field sites varying in soil Mn levels and some with within field variable pH levels were evaluated between 2004 and 2006 for re sponsiveness of soybeans to glyphosate rate and Mn treatments. The objectives of this study were to 1) evaluate the effects of foliar applied Mn and soil applied Mn on yiel... |
9. Continuous Corn Production As Affected By Starter Fertilizers Containing Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and SulfurCrop rotations in the Midwest have changed from the traditional corn-soybean rotation to more corn-intensive rotations. Due to the expanding demand for corn to supply the ethanol industry and the increasing insect and disease challenges facing soybean producers, some farmers are switching to a corn-corn-soybean rotation or for some, continuous corn. These rotations produce large amounts of biomass (corn stover) that often remain on the soil surface with present day tillage systems. This is good... |
10. Overview of Manure Handling on Steroid Movement in Agricultural Fields from Beef Cattle SystemsManure generated from concentrated animal feeding operations may serve as a source of steroids in surface water and potentially in groundwater. The objectives of this research were to determine the amount of steroids and metabolites in runoff from beef cattle production pens, and from runoff and leaching from crop production fields. Cattle were fed a synthetic progestagen, MGA or melengestrol acetate and treated with zeranol, trenbolone acetate, and estradiol implants, while a second group was not... |
11. Comparison of Congranulated Fertilizer to Blends with S and Zn in Corn and SoybeansHigh yielding corn and soybean production systems in Missouri have renewed an interest in micronutrient management such as sulfur (S) which is essential for protein formation and zinc. (Zn) which is important for enzymes and metabolic reactions. Yield increases due to sulfur applications are more likely to occur during cool, wet springs when mineralization and crop growth are slow as a result of a decrease in atmospheric sulfur deposition. Soil tests in 2010 indicated that over 60% of the samples... M. Caldwell, K. Nelson, B. Burdick |
12. Integration of Ultrasonic and Active Canopy Sensors to Estimate the In-Season Nitrogen Content for CornThe objectives of this research were to: (i ) determine the correlation between active canopy sensor (ACS) assessments of N status and ultr asonic sensor measurements of canopy height at several growth stages for corn receiving varying am ounts of N, (ii) test the ability of both sensors to distinguish N-mediated differences in canopy development and (iii) test the integrated use of both sensors. This experiment was conducted with varying N rates in an existing long-term study and farmer's fields... |
13. Impact of sulfur and its interaction with N rates on wheat and barley in North Dakota and Western MinnesotaEffects of S, N, and their interactions were assessed on grain yields and protein of spring wheat and barley, across eight site years in Western Minnesota (MN), and ten site years (hereafter, sites) in North Dakota (ND) from 2015 to 2019. The studies were to determine if S improves yields and protein in wheat, and if the effects were dependent on N rates. Treatments included all combinations of five N rates of N (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 lbs/ac) and three rates of S (0, 10, 20 lbs/ac) in MN. In... J.M. Teboh, S. Yuja, B.G. Schatz, G. Pradhan |
14. Cover Crops Impact on Biomass, Yield, Soil Health, and Nutrient Loss in a Tile-Terrace FieldSoil erosion by water can be the most important land degradation process on erodible to highly erodible soils. Therefore, different conservation practices can be implemented to address the issue including no-tillage, cover crops (CC), grass filter strips, riparian buffers, and terraces. A field trial was established at the University of Missouri Grace Greenley Research Center near Novelty to evaluate the impact of CC and no-CC (non-treated control, NTC) on crop yields, soil health, and water quality/quantity... R. Adler, G. Singh, K. Nelson |
15. Active-Optical Reflectance Sensing Evaluated for Red and Red-Edge Waveband SensitivityUncertainty exists with corn (Zea mays L.) N management due to year-to-year variation in crop N need, soil N supply, and N loss from leaching, volatilization, and denitrification. Active-optical reflectance sensing (AORS) has proven effective in some fields for generating N fertilizer recommendations that improve N use efficiency. However, various sensors utilize different wavebands of light to calculate N fertilizer recommendations making it difficult to know which waveband is most sensitive... G. Bean, N. Kitchen, J. Camberato, R. Ferguson, F. Fernandez, D. Franzen, C. Laboski, E. Nafziger, J. Sawyer, P. Scharf, J. Schepers, J. Shanahan |
16. Role of Postemergence Sidedressed Fluid Potassium Fertilizer to Complement Preplant Fertilization in Corn-Soybean RotationsRole of Postemergence Sidedressed Fluid Potassium Fertilizer to Complement Preplant Fertilization in Corn-Soybean Rotations Antonio P. Mallarino and Louis B. Thompson-Ansorena Iowa State University ABSTRACT Farmers and crop consultants of non-irrigated areas of the north-central region have been asking questions about possible use of post-emergence fluid potassium (K) fertilization to complement preplant fertilization. Sidedressing N for corn is common,... A.P. Mallarino, L.B. Thompson-ansorena |
17. Can Kura Clover and Winter Rye Covers Mitigate Nitrate Leaching In Irrigated Sands?Cover crops are gaining more popularity as a mitigation tool to prevent nitrate (NO3--N) leaching from the corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) merr.] fields of Minnesota. Leaching of NO3--N is not only a monetary loss for growers, but also results in groundwater contamination. Winter rye (Secale cereale), a commonly grown cover crop in Minnesota and kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum), a less... |
18. Landscape Position Affects Management Decisions for Crop ProductionLandscape attributes including topographic positions, slope, curvature, elevation, water flow direction and water flow accumulation are well documented in the literature for their effects on crop productivity. Topography influences crop growth and yield by impacting water and nutrient movement in the soil. Under dryland crop production systems, water availability generally depends on topsoil depth, soil organic matter, and curvature of the micro-topography. To improve overall productivity of a... G. Singh , K. Nelson, G. Kaur |
19. A Minnesota-Wide Assessment of Critical Pre-Plant and in-Season Soil Nitrate for Adjusting Nitrogen Rate GuidelinesThe pre-plant (PPNT) and pre-sidedress (PSNT) soil nitrate tests are often used as indicators of soil nitrogen (N) availability in Minnesota. The assessment of available soil nitrogen (N) provides corn (Zea mays L.) growers with key information on N credits to adjust their N fertilizer rates. However, current N management recommendations in Minnesota were based on research conducted 40-yr ago and did not specify differences between environments and management. Through a comprehensive... E. Souza, F.G. Fernandez, J. Coulter, M. Wilson, J.A. Vetsch, P.H. Pagliari, R.T. Venterea, D.E. Kaiser, K.P. Fabrizzi, D. Bernau, C.J. Rosen, K. Mizuta, Y. Miao, V. Sharma |
20. Nitrogen Fertilizer and Irrigation Effects on Soil and Plant Nitrogen DynamicsCropping systems can be exposed to different nitrogen (N) and water availabilities for a variety of reasons. Both N and water have been shown to have both positive and negative; direct and indirect effects on soil and plant N dynamics. Given that agronomic crops require large amounts of N to achieve high yields and often acquire a majority of their N from soil nitrogen mineralization (N min), it is important to understand how nitrogen and water interactions alter soil and plant N dynamics. Our... T. Donovan, J. Schneekloth, L. Comas, M. Schipanski |