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1. Do Hybrids Differ in Response to Differential Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer?In the absence of other limiting factors, maize yield increases with nitrogen fertilizer application to very high levels. In fact, researchers attempting to maximize maize production have reported a yield -rise at levels of N greater than 300 lbs/acre. Because there are many limiting factors in addition to nitrogen, nitrogen fertilizer must be mged to minimize costs and maximize response. In addition to mging the crup's proctuctivity, recent concerns about high levels of nitrates and other farm... |
2. Predicting Fertilizer Nitrogen Requirements for Corn in OntarioThe nitrogen fertilizer requirement of a crop under field conditions is influenced by numeraus factors including soil, climate and managanent variables. Most of these factors are very difficult, if not impossible to predict in advance. The major factors influencing nitrogen fertilizer nquhment are (Gch and Haynes, 1986); 1. the requirement of the crop for N as determined by its yield (or yield patential) , 2. the availability of fertilizer N or the fertilizer use - efficiency, and 3. the amount of... |
3. Effect of Nitrogen Rate and time of Application on Mefluidide Treated Smooth BromeLivestock producers who graze beef cattle or dairy animals usually have an abundance of pasture during spring when cool-season grasses grow rapidly. As hot, summer weather arrives, cool-season grasses cease vegetative growth and produce seed. Forage quality decreases as the grasses become dormant. Without alternative pastures or forages, cool season pastures become over-grazed and cattle performance is reduced. Using pastures composed of warm-season grasses that produce maximum dry matter during... |
4. The Effect of Tillage and Soil Test and Applied K on Corn and Soybean ProductionThe buildup-maintenance fertility concept for P and K has a strong theoretical basis, but much of the research from which it was derived was not designed to accurately determine the true maintenance requirement. Most of that research was confounded by an annual application at set rates irrespective of yield obtained. Experience in recent years has shown that on some soils the K soil test has not consistently accounted for past additions of fertilizer. In addition, applications equivalent to crop... |
5. Regionalizing Nutrient Recommendations Indiana- Ohio- MichiganWHY THE INTEREST IN REGIONALIZE CROP NUTRIENT RECOMMENDATIONS ? 1) Wide variations in recommendations made to farmers by who makes them. a) by fertilizer dealers or sellers of product b) by llunbiasu consultants c) by soil testing labs d) by Universities e) by other governmental agencies 2) Philosophies are different in "What is best for Mr. Farmeru a) Sufficiency Level of Fertilization - "Feed the Cropw b) Build-up & Maintenance - "Feed the Soilt1 c) Cation Balance Method - "Keep everything in balanceu... |
6. Nitrogen Management for No-Till Production SystemsNitrogen management practices including rates and sources were evaluated in high residue no-till production systems involving corn and grain sorghum. A urease inhibitor, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) was evaluated. This research also assessed the impact of type of previous residue on performance of surface applied N. A chlorophyll meter was evaluated as an in-field N assessment tool. Results to date indicate that NBPT is effective in improving the performance of surface broadcast urea.... |
7. Site-Specific Management of N Fertilization in OntarioSignificant within field variability of soil properties, such as soil fertility, and plant growth have been well docome~ited. Standard soil testing practices and fertilizer recommendations which enco~npass an average soil test value for a field and a constant rate of fertilization will obviously result in certain areas of a field being either over or under fertilized. As indicated by Kachanoski and Fairchild (1995), for a single (constant) rate of fertilizer application, reconimendations based on... |
8. Corn Nitrogen Tests in MissouriExperiments were carried out in farmer fields starting in 1995 with the objective of evaluating or developing field-specific tests to optimize N fertilizer rates for corn. Because some of the soil nitrate tests seem to work differently when manure or alfalfa is in the cropping system, most farms had pairs of experiments, one with an organic N source and the other with none. Descriptions of the experimental locations are given below. Location 1 2 Year 1995 1995 1995 1995 1995 PROCEDURES Countv Callaway... |
9. Grid Sampling or Topography Sampling for Soil NutrientsSite-specific application of fertilizers uses field soil sampling for its information basis. Many fields are currently sampled using a grid approach. In North Dakota, examination of grid sampling showed nitrate-N to follow topographic patterns in a field, allowing the possibility of less intensive sampling for N. Reviewing previous grid sampling work in Illinois, some soil properties may be associated with landscape features, including nitrate-N in the surface 6 inches and soil pH. However, Illinois... |
10. Sidedress N applications for corn based on corn colorNitrogen-deficient corn reflects more light over the entire visible spectrum than nitrogen-suff icient corn. Our objective was to calibrate the relationship between remotely-sensed corn color and the nitrogen need of the corn. Corn color measurements were made two ways: Aerial photographs In-field spectral radiometer A successful calibration would allow: Variable-rate sidedress nitrogen applications that precisely meet the needs of the crop. Precise response to in-season N loss (Figure 1). Data reported... |
11. No-till Corn Response to Starter Ffertilizer in MissouriEarly research on starter fertilizer showed that it usually increased early season crop growth, but in Missouri and adjacent states this only occasionally translated into a yield advantage. With widespread changes in tillage practices over the past twenty years, this conclusion may be changing. Recent starter fertilizer trials from other states are frequently showing corn yield responses in no-till systems. Dave Mengel at Purdue University found a yield response to starter in 8 of 11 no-till site-years,... |
12. Field Scale Evaluation of Innovative N Management Systems for CornPrevious research has shown that N fertilizer need for corn can vary widely, both between fields and within fields. Producers, however, almost always apply the same N fertilizer rate to whole fields, and vary N fertilizer rates minimally if at all over whole farms. Matching N fertilizer rates more closely to N needs could produce both economic and environmental benefits. Our objective is to test a range of innovative N management systems for their ability to match N rate recommendations to N needs... |
13. The Total Maximum Daily Loads Process in KansasThe Clean Water Act of 1972 required states to establish Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for surface water bodies that contain one or more pollutants that exceed water quality standards. A TMDL is a written, measurable assessment of a specific stream segment and its water quality problems and contributing pollutants. This assessment outlines the amount of a pollutant that needs to be reduced to meet water quality standards. allocates control responsibilities among pollution sources in a watershed.... |
14. Detecting Spatially Variable Corn Nitrogen Needs Using Green Reflectance from 35MM PhotographsRising fertilizer costs and environmental concerns are reasons producers are looking to decrease nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates. This study investigated the use of relative green reflectance fiom 35 rnrn aerial photographs to detect spatially variable corn [Zea mays L.] N needs for developing variable rate fertilizer maps. Photographs were taken at three different growth stages (V7, V11, R3) at altitudes from 3,000 to 5,500 fi for two Missouri fields representing alluvial and deep loess soil types.... |
15. Site-Specific Management of Iron Deficiency in CornThe addition of FeS04mH20 in the seed row increases corn (Zea mays L.) yield in areas with Fe deficiency-induced chlorosis. Our objectives were to determine the correct application rate of FeS04.H20 for irrigated corn, identi9 the spatial distribution of Fe deficiency, and alleviate deficiency symptoms with targeted FeS04.H20 applications. Eleven site-years were selected for small-plot studies in western Kansas. At these fields, soil CaC03 content in chlorotic or problematic deficient areas of the... |
16. Making Urea Work in No TillNo-till and reduced tillage production systen~s are widely used today in the United States as well as around the world due to their capacity for reducing soil erosion and topsoil loss, reducing phosphorus movement to surface water, and reducing labor, fuel, and equipment requirements. In no-till systems, an average of 25% of the N applied as broadcast urea can be lost via ammonia volatilization. Therefore, N losses due to ammonia volatilization will decrease corn and wheat yields. independently of... |
17. Study on Phosphorus and Nitrogen Concentration of Corn Adapted in South DakotaThough nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are vital in several physiological and developmental processes in plants and animals, they pose several environmental, nutritional and health problems, if present in excess amounts. Reduction in the excess input of these nutrients into the soil, thereby reducing environmental problem and consequently nutritional and health problem, can be achieved by balancing their concentration in animal feed. Therefore, this research aims to quantify the nitrogen and phosphorus... |
18. The Influence of Nitrogen Rate and Foliar Fetilization on Yield and Nitrosamine Levels in Burley TobaccoMany burley tobacco (Nicotiana tabactm~ L.) producers believe that additions of nitrogen (N) rates greater than those recommended by university extension senices will result in increased yield and income. In addition to high rates of N, many producers feel that additional foliar fertilizer will further increase yield and quality of burley tobacco and result in greater revenue. Concerns with excessive N additions include improper curing, elevated levels of tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA's), undesirable... |
19. Strip-Tilled Corn Responses to Deep Placement of Phosphorus and Potassium- 2005 UpdateReduced tillage systems modify some of the most important variables related with the plant-soil- weather environment and consequently affect the last expression of this relation: yield. A possibly more restrictive root growth scenario (due to lower soil temperatures and higher mechanical impedance), as well as pronounced horizontal and vertical stratification in nutrients within the soil profile (particularly for no-till systems) could lead to a reduction in root uptake of nutrients. This situation... M. Cánepa, T.J. Vyn |
20. Aerial Photographs to Guide Corn Fertigation DecisionsCorn producers with pivot irrigatio n have the potential to apply in-season nitrogen (N) fertilizer much more easily than their non-irrigated counterpa rts. A demonstration project was initiated in 2006 to take advantage of this potential. One advantage for in-season N application is that the risk of N loss prior to crop uptake is minimal. Another advantage is the opportunity to diagnose N n eed. A range of studies have shown that N need can vary widely from one field to another, as well as within... |
21. Using Reflectance Sensors to Predict Nitrogen Needs of CottonObjectives 1) Develop on-the-go N recommendations based on analysis of the reflectance sensor readings. 2) Determine the sensor model, height, and wa velength that give the best prediction for sidedress N. 3) Determine the best growth stag e for sensor-based sidedressing Relevance There is great spatial variability of N in the soil. Cotton fields that receive a blanket rate of nitrogen, ignoring the vari ability, will have areas of excessi ve growth. This unnecessary growth raises production cost... |
22. Factors Affecting the Relative Benefit of Deep-banding versus Broadcast Application of Phosphorus and Potassium for Corn and SoybeanScientifically based recommendations concerning the choice of deep banding versus traditional broadcast application of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) for corn and soybean production in conservation tillage systems have been hampered by insufficient research and inconsistent results. Even when the decisi on is made (e.g. by strip-tillage corn farmers) to go with deep- banding of P and K, numerous questions remain about fertilizer rates, optimum deep-banding depth and frequency, whether to have a... |
23. Predicting Relative Yield of Corn in Indiana Using an Active SensorFine-tuning N fertilization is important for impr oving the economic and environmental impact of corn production. This importance is highlighted by ever rising fertilizer prices and increased public scrutiny. Reflectance measurements usi ng an active sensor during the growing season may be useful for determining the need for additio nal N. This is the second year of a multi-year study to evaluate canopy reflectanc e as an N management tool across a variety of Indiana soil types. The objectives of... |
24. Crop Sensor-Based N Rates Out-Performed Producer-Chosen N RatesOptimal N fertilizer rate for corn (Zea mays L.) and other crops can vary substantially within and among fields. Current N management practices do not address this variability. Crop reflectance sensors offer the potential to diagnose crop N need and control N application rates at a fine spatial scale. Our objective was to evaluate the performance of sensor-based variable-rate N applications to corn, relative to constant N rates chosen by the producer. Fifty-five replicated on- farm demonstrations... |
25. Using Soil and Tissue Testing to Predict Soybean Yield Response to Foliar Applied Micronutrients in IowaPrior research with foliar application of micronutrients for soybean has shown inconsistent yield responses in Iowa and the western Corn Belt. Iowa has no interpretations for soil or tissue tests for micronutrients in soybean. This study's objectives were to evaluate soybean plant-tissue and grain yield responses to foliar application of boron (B), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in Iowa. There were 22 field trials in 2012 and 21 in 2013, which were established in 20 counties and included... |
26. Soybean Production Research: A National ApproachU.S. soybean growers are looking for alternative methods to increase soybean yields and recent increases in commodity prices have given producers more freedom to invest in additional crop inputs or products. Unfortunately, quality data from studies addressing multiple contemporary inputs is scarce. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of combined soybean inputs on seed yield. These high input systems were tested in six states to evaluate their value across a broad geography.... |
27. The Effects of 40 Years of Tillage and Fertility Practices on Soil Organic Carbon and Fungal PopulationsSoil organic carbon plays an integral role in long-term soil productivity. In cultivated systems, potential productivity is directly related to soil carbon concentrations, highlighting the need to protect current organic matter levels and develop management practices that will enhance soils with declining soil carbon contents. There have been variable responses in soil carbon levels to both tillage and fertility treatments. Tillage alters the physical and chemical properties of the soil environment... |
28. Genotype Specific Management for Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Kentucky Soft Red Winter WheatThe complex interaction of genotype x environment x management (GxExM) that defines crop yield is often only explored with research on a single genotype or a select few genotypes. Improvements in crop management and understanding local adaptation to climate variability will require a broader understanding of specific genotype interactions with management systems across multiple environments. A multi-year study investigating the potential for variety specific management systems based on phenotypic... |
29. In-season N for Corn Reduced Nitrous Oxide Emissions and Drainage Water Nitrate ConcentrationFarmers want to get the N fertilizer they apply into their crop, not lose it to air and water. This can be difficult to accomplish during wet years when N loss processes are going strong. Applying N in-season can be difficult to accomplish during wet years, but reduces the odds that N will be lost before the crop has a chance to take it up. We compared 2 N management strategies (140 lb N/acre applied pre-plant and variable-rate N applied sidedress based on canopy sensor measurements) and 3 drainage... |
30. Use of Nitrogen Fertilizer Sources to Enhance Tolerance and Recovery of New Corn Hybrids from Early Season Soil WaterloggingCorn (Zea mays L.) production losses due to temporarily flooded or saturated soils resulting from excessive precipitation are a persistent problem in Missouri and the Midwest Region of the United States. In 2011 alone, monetary losses for corn and soybean (Glycine max) production due to excessive flooding in the Midwest were calculated to be more than $1.6 billion. Application of different sources of nitrogen (N) fertilizer may promote increased flood tolerance and recovery in interaction with different... |
31. Nitrogen Timing, Loss, and Replacement... |
32. Manure Management Practices to Limit Nutrient Loss from Frozen Agricultural FieldsManure applied to crop areas can be an importa nt source of plant nutrients for crop production and may improve soil quality. Relatively small amounts of nutrients especially phosphorus (P) from manure reaching water bodies can signifi cantly increase eutrophication and impair water quality. Most recommendations indicate not to apply manure to fro zen soils because the risk of nutrient loss to surface water may be increased. Our research objective was to determine the influence of manure application... |
33. Predicting N Fertilizer Rates for CornSixteen N rate experiments were carried out in farmer fields in 1995 and 1996. The objective was to measure optimum N fertilizer rates and see whether they could be reliably predicted ahead of time. Yield response to N was measured in each experiment along with soil N measurements (planting and sidedress), and tissue N and chlorophyll meter reading at sidedress time. A very wide range of economically optimum N fertilizer rates was found, fairly evenly spread from 0 to 200 Ib N/acre, with an average... |
34. Nitrogen Application, Biological N Fixation, and N UptakePrevious collaborative research in the Midwest has shown that there is likely little to no need of N for soybean, except under certain conditions (such as when low soil moisture limits N fixation, or when low initial soil nitrate-N limits overall N availability). However, none of the site-years used in this synthesis analysis were on sandy soils. Because sandy soils supply little nitrate-N, the potential impact of N on crop yield is greater in sandy environments than on silt loam soils. However,... A.M. Walters, M.D. Ruark, J.M. Gaska, C. Zegler, S.P. Conley |
35. Side-dressing Nitrogen Influence on Nitrogen Release Dynamics of Early and Late-Terminated Cereal Cover CropTermination date and nitrogen application of corn (Zea mays L.) can influence the decomposition rate of cover crops in a corn cropping system. Our objective was to evaluate (i) the biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fertilized with 34 kg N/ha and (ii) decomposition rate of wheat terminated early (4 weeks prior to planting) and late (at corn planting time) with and without side-dressing N at 168 kg N/ha. Our preliminary data... A. Sadeghpour, G. Singh, A. Weidhuner, R. Lange |
36. Corn, Rye, and NitrogenThe U.S. still has an erosion problem. Half of the topsoil is gone over much of the Midwestern U.S., and erosion continues at an unacceptable rate. Protecting soil after soybean is grown is the weakest link in the chain because soybean leaves so little residue that even with no tillage the soil is vulnerable. Cover crops offer great promise to solve this problem. Rye is cheap, hardy, grows well in cool fall weather, and is easy to kill, but evidence continues to mount that rye causes yield loss... P. Scharf |
37. Active-Optical Reflectance Sensing Evaluated for Red and Red-Edge Waveband SensitivityUncertainty exists with corn (Zea mays L.) N management due to year-to-year variation in crop N need, soil N supply, and N loss from leaching, volatilization, and denitrification. Active-optical reflectance sensing (AORS) has proven effective in some fields for generating N fertilizer recommendations that improve N use efficiency. However, various sensors utilize different wavebands of light to calculate N fertilizer recommendations making it difficult to know which waveband is most sensitive... G. Bean, N. Kitchen, J. Camberato, R. Ferguson, F. Fernandez, D. Franzen, C. Laboski, E. Nafziger, J. Sawyer, P. Scharf, J. Schepers, J. Shanahan |
38. Fertilizer management and cover crop effects on phosphorus use efficiency, environmental efficiency and crop yieldPhosphorus loss from agricultural production is a significant contributor to the degradation and contamination of surface and ground waters. To help protect these waters, it is vital to maximize agronomic and environmental efficiency of phosphorus in the cropping system. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of cover crops and different phosphorus fertilizer management practices on nutrient use efficiency, environmental efficiency and yield in a no-tillage corn-soybean rotation.... R. Carver, N. Nelson, G. Kluitenberg, K. Roozeboom, P. Tomlinson |
39. Cereal Rye and Hairy Vetch Cover Crops for Improving Soil and Water QualitySoil and water quality benefits of cover crops (CCs) have been inferred only from plot scale studies. Replicating cover crops at the watershed scale and expecting similar results to that of plot scale studies need further research. Therefore, cover crop study at Southern Illinois was carried at the plot as well as the watershed scale. The objectives of plot scale study were (i) to evaluate the contribution of fertilizer and soil organic matter (SOM) to N leaching under corn/soybean cropping... S. Gurbir, K. Williard, J. Schoonover, R. Cook, R. Mcelroy |
40. Post-Harvest Soil Nitrate Following Corn Production in Eight Midwestern StatesApplying nitrogen (N) at economically optimal rates (EONR) and at times of rapid crop uptake are practices that are thought to minimize the amount of residual soil nitrate (RSN) in the profile that may be susceptible to loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of rate (0 to 280 lb N/a in 40 lb increments) and timing (pre-plant (PP) or PP plus V9 sidedress (PP+SD)) of N application on corn grain yield and RSN in the top 3 feet of soil relative to the calculated EONR. Thirty-two... C. Bandura, C. Laboski, J. Camberato, P. Carter, R. Ferguson, F. Fernandez, D. Franzen, N. Kitchen, E. Nafziger, J. Sawyer, J. Shanahan |
41. CORN YIELD AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY RESPONSE TO WHEAT COVER CROP AND SPLIT NITROGEN APPLICATIONCorn (Zea mays L.) grain is a major commodity crop in Illinois and its production largely relies on timely application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers. Currently, growers in Illinois and other neighboring states in the U.S. Midwest use the maximum return to N (MRTN) decision support system to predict corn N requirements. However, the current tool does not factor in implications of integrating cover crops into the rotation, which has recently gained attention among growers due to several... R. Keshavarz-afshar, E. Jahanzad, M. Battaglia, Y. Luo, A. Sadeghpour, O. Adeyemi |
42. 35 years of nitrogen researchThis presentation will hit the high points of 35 years of nitrogen research in corn, wheat, and cotton, focusing mostly on timing and rate. With all three crops, applying no N early did not hurt yield—thus no benefit to splitting N. Exception is wheat with low tiller density at greenup, which needs early N Later N applications often gave higher yield than earlier applications for corn and wheat. When... P. Scharf |
43. Precision planting impacts on winter cereal rye growth, nutrient uptake, spring soil temperature, and adoption costGrowing winter cereal rye (Secale cereale) (WCR) has been identified as an effective in-field practice to reduce nitrate-N and phosphorus (P) losses to Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB), USA. In the Midwestern USA, growers are reluctant to plant WCR especially prior to corn (Zea mays L.) due to N immobilization and establishment issues. Precision planting of WCR or “Skipping the corn row” (STCR) can minimize some issues associated with WCR ahead of corn while reducing... |
44. Landscape Position Affects Management Decisions for Crop ProductionLandscape attributes including topographic positions, slope, curvature, elevation, water flow direction and water flow accumulation are well documented in the literature for their effects on crop productivity. Topography influences crop growth and yield by impacting water and nutrient movement in the soil. Under dryland crop production systems, water availability generally depends on topsoil depth, soil organic matter, and curvature of the micro-topography. To improve overall productivity of a... G. Singh , K. Nelson, G. Kaur |
45. Drainage and Nitrogen Management Affects Soil Health and Soil PropertiesMidwestern United States farmers rely on key fertilizer inputs and management of soil drainage to maintain productivity and profitability. Subsurface tile drainage is used extensively throughout the Midwest U.S. to lower the water table and drain waterlogged soils. To improve nutrient use efficiency and sustainable crop production, best management practices such as 4R nutrient stewardship framework is being promoted in conjunction with drainage water management technology. The 4R nutrient stewardship... H. Kaur, K.A. Nelson, G. Singh, G. Kaur |
46. Exploring the Impact of Temporal Variability in Emergence on Corn Grain Yield and Development PatternsConcerns have raised among farmers in the Midwest regarding the impacts of uneven emergence of corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings. Research has showed that even a minor delay in emergence of a few hours could have a substantial influence on plant performance and ear weight; and one of the contributing factors to uneven seedling emergence in corn is the application of starter fertilizer. Placing fertilizers in the seed furrow increases the salt concentration surrounding the seed and as a result, delays... L. Dorissant, P. Kovács, J. Clark |
47. Does Nitrogen Fertilization with Manure Injection Versus Surface Application Influence Corn for Silage and Winter Rye Yield, Quality, Phosphorus Balance and Soil Test Phosphorus Over Three Years?Switching from nitrogen (N)-based to phosphorus (P)-based manure management has been shown to decrease P loss to the environment allowing for sustainable P management in dairy farms. At high P soils, dairy farmers often surface apply the liquid manure to corn (Zea mays L.) for silage at the P-based rates and supplement the limited N to corn with N fertilizers to ensure optimum crop production. With high fertilizer prices, one solution to reducing the N requirement of corn could be to... A. Sadeghpour, G. Burkett, S. Babaei, O. Adeyemi, K. Vaughn, C. Kula |
48. Revamping Nitrogen Fertilizer Recommendations for MissouriMultiple nitrogen fertilizer rate decision tools have been developed over the years for recommending nitrogen to growers. These tools are based on mass balance equations with expected yield and yield goal, economically optimum nitrogen rate, preplant soil nitrate test, pre-sidedress and late spring soil nitrate test, plant tissue nitrogen, crop growth models, and canopy reflectance sensing. These tools rarely include biological nitrogen in the rate recommendations. Advances in soil health assessment... G. Singh , J.A. Lory, K.A. Nelson, M. Davis, L. Abendroth, G. Kaur, J. Calhoun, J. Chlapecka |
49. Corn Response to Nitrogen Fixation Technology in Upstate MissouriNitrogen is one of the most expensive corn input costs and is critical for grain production. Nitrogen (N) fixing bacteria convert atmospheric N into organic forms that can be utilized by the plant are common with legumes. The symbiosis between Rhizobia and legumes is a critical plant–microbe mutualism that is essential for high yielding soybean. Recently, an emphasis on developing technology to supply corn with additional N through biological processes has been a focus of several agribusinesses... D.J. Steinkamp, K.A. Nelson, G. Singh, G. Kaur, H. Kaur |
50. Nitrogen Rate and Harvesting Time Based on Growing Degree Days Influenced Winter Cereal Rye Morphological Traits, Forage Yield, Quality, and Farm Profit in Poorly Drained AlfisolsWinter cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) (WCR) is often double cropped with maize for silage (Zea mays L.) to increase farm forage supply and profit. Spring nitrogen (N) fertilization to WCR could influence its production and quality at different harvesting times. Therefore, two on-farm trials were conducted in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 growing seasons to evaluate the effect of harvesting time (late-March to end-of-April considering the growth stage) and spring N fertilization... G. Burkett, K. Vaughn, O. Adeyemi, O. Zandvakili, M. Battaglia, S. Babaei, J. Nair, S. Still, A. Sadeghpour |
51. Enhancing Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency in Sorghum to Boost Yields and Reduced Nitrogen LossNitrogen management is crucial in modern farming as it plays a major role in achieving higher yields. This study aimed to identify the optimal nitrogen application rate and best management practices to prevent over-application, nitrogen losses, and nitrogen deficiency in crops. Kansas, a leading state in sorghum production, served as the study's setting. Research was conducted at four sites during 2021 and 2022 on rain-fed fields in North-East and North-West Kansas. The objectives... M. Platero, P. Morinigo ferreira, D. Ruiz diaz, P. Tomlinson |