1. Cropping System Diversification Has Strong Short-term but Limited Long-term Impacts on Soil Phosphorus Dynamics

Crop diversification provides several agroecosystem benefits, yet the effects of extended crop rotations and livestock integration on soil phosphorus (P) dynamics are not well understood. We examined the effect of three cropping systems: a corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) rotation with synthetic fertilizer (2 year), a corn-soybean-small grain rotation with red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and composted cattle manure as a fertilizer source (3 year),... J. Kovar, C. Crespo, J. Berkey, P. O'brien, W. Huang, M. Liebman, M. Mcdaniel