Proceedings
Topics
| Filter results35 paper(s) found. |
|---|
1. 35 years of nitrogen researchThis presentation will hit the high points of 35 years of nitrogen research in corn, wheat, and cotton, focusing mostly on timing and rate. With all three crops, applying no N early did not hurt yield—thus no benefit to splitting N. Exception is wheat with low tiller density at greenup, which needs early N Later N applications often gave higher yield than earlier applications for corn and whea... P. Scharf |
2. Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Corn Yield as Affected by Applied Sulfur and Nitrogen FertilizerOverall corn (Zea mays L.) yield response, as well as nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency, can be affected by multiple factors, including the supply of other nutrients such as sulfur. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen with added sulfur fertilizer on corn response parameters i) whole plant nitrogen uptake, ii) yield, and iii) nitrogen use efficiency when compared to nitrogen alone. Nitrogen Use Efficiencies evaluated in this study included i) A... T. Husa, D. Ruiz diaz |
3. Site-Specific Yield and Protein Response to Nitrogen Rate and Timing in Winter WheatNitrogen (N) fertilizer management is crucial in cereal crop production. Improved prediction of optimal N fertilizer rates for winter wheat can decrease N losses and enhance profits. We tested seven N fertilizer rates (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 kg N ha-1) applied at three timings (Fall, Spring, and Split Fall/Spring) in seven small plot trials located in commercial fields... J. Cesario pereira pinto, L. Puntel, L. Thompson, N. Mueller |
4. Banded Fertility: Music for Higher Corn YieldsThere is a need in production agriculture to reduce nutrient loss to the environment and implement more sustainable production practices, but grower adoption has been slow and inconsistent due to fear of reduced yields and profit. However, if new fertilizer technologies can be used to increase nutrient use efficiency and grain yield simultaneously, grower willingness to adapt environmentally sustainable practices is far more likely. We implemented a two-year corn (Zea mays L.) yield ... S. Foxhoven, F. Below |
5. Maize Yield Increased by Optimal Timing and Placement of Polymer-coated Nitrogen FertilizerNitrogen (N) fertilizer application timing and placement can manage N availability to improve maize (Zea mays L.) productivity, but polymer-coated N fertilizer offers a different approach to season-long N availability and creates new N management opportunities. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of conventional and polymer-coated N sources across fertilizer timing and placement combinations to optimize maize productivity. Field trials were conducted at three... S. Schwartz, F. Below |
6. Implications of Clay Mineral Analysis for Improved Calibration of Corn Potassium Fertilizer RecommendationsEastern South Dakota has seen an increase in soil potassium (K) deficiencies. To correct those deficiencies and avoid yield reductions, corn producers rely on accurate K fertilizer recommendations (KFRs). Among the various parameters used to estimate a KFR, clay mineralogy has significant potential to increase KFR accuracy. The study has two objectives: first, to determine the relationships among clay mineralogy, K uptake by corn, and KFRs, and second, to calibrate KFRs in South Dakota to inc... A. Ahlersmeyer, J. Clark, D. Clay, K. Osterloh |
7. Effect of Liquid Calcium as a Liming Agent in SoilMaintaining proper soil pH is the foundation of a soil fertility program and influences plant productivity, nutrient availability, and herbicide activity. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of liquid calcium compared to known liming agents to raise the pH of soil. Test plots that compare liquid calcium to proven liming agents were conducted in 17 counties across the state of Kentucky on cool season annual grass pastures. Two experimental protocols were deve... B. Setchell, E. Ritchey |
8. Soil Mineral Nitrogen Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer Application in Corn Early Growth SeasonSoil Mineral Nitrogen (SMN) plays a crucial role for the growth and productivity of crops such as corn, this crop is very demanding of nitrogen (N) in early growth stages. Maintaining the highest amount of N in the form of ammonium (NH4+) or nitrate (NO3-) can be key to obtaining high yields. Substances such as nitrification inhibitors (NI) were created to avoid losses of N from the soil. This study was carried out in 8 site year loca... P. Morinigo, D. Ruiz diaz |
9. Comparison of Mehlich-3 and Haney H3A-4 Soil Tests in Kansas SoilsRecommended application rates of soil fertility amendments are often based on a soil test in agricultural production systems. Interpretation of these soil tests requires correlation and calibration to crop yield response, nutrient uptake, or existing soil tests. The Mehlich-3 soil test procedure is currently used to evaluate the plant availability of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in Kansas soils. However, the Haney soil test has gained attention in recentyear and has been used to adjust so... B. Rutter, D. Ruiz diaz |
10. Some Thoughts on Nutrient Mineralization and Cycling in No-Till SystemsHigh post-harvest residue accumulations (10+ tons/acre) often occur in crop sequences involving high yielding corn, spring wheat and soybean. Over the last decade, we have conducted several studies that show that N or P availability may be suppressed either through slow residue decomposition, slow mineralization or immobilization. Although several states provide fertilizer recommendation adjustments for no-till and for high residue accumulations, the recommendations are sometimes contra... L. Cihacek, R. Alghamdi |
11. Corn Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Practices in Eastern South DakotaThe adoption factors of N best management practices (BMPs) that can lessen N loss needs to be understood to help increase adoption rates. Understanding the local, small-scale factors (geographic location, tillage type, and farm size) that influence the use of N BMPs will help nutrient management professionals provide the research and information needed to increase the use of N BMPs. South Dakota (SD) survey data from 465 producers was used to examine the above local, small-scale factors that ... J.D. Clark, A. Bly, P. Kovacs, J. Ulrich-schad |
12. Impact of Site-Specific Variability on the Effectiveness of Active Canopy Sensors for In-Season N Management in CornIn-season nitrogen (N) management in corn guided by active canopy sensors is often associated with higher yields, profit and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, these benefits could vary from field-to-field and year-to-year. These inconsistent relationships between technology and benefits represent a major challenge for increasing adoption of sensor-based N application in corn. Thus, a better understanding of which site-specific factors determine positive benefits from sensor-based N appl... L. Puntel, J. Luck, L. Thompson |
13. Should Potassium Chloride be Applied to Soybean?Potassium chloride represents 98% of potassium sales in Minnesota. Potassium chloride contains 50% of chloride by mass. Research in the southern U.S. shows excess chloride is known to result in decreased soybean (Gylcine max var Merr.) yield. The objective of this study was to determine whether chloride impacts soybean yield in northern growing regions and evaluate the effect of rate (100 or 200 lb K ac-1) , fertilizer (K or Cl) source (none, KCl, K2SO4... D. Kaiser |
14. Evaluation of Soil Test Methods and Early Tissue Analysis to Assess Potassium Response in SoybeanMultiple soil test methods has been evaluated as diagnostic tool for potassium management in soybeans. This study compared different soil test K methods (STK) and evaluate the correlation to soybean yield and K uptake response in low testing soils, and assessed tissue analysis as alternative for in-season correction options. ... D. Charbonnier , D. Ruiz diaz |
15. Soil and Soybean Responses to Planting into Terminated Prairie StripsPrairie strips are a new conservation practice that are currently implemented in 14 Midwest US states. Prairie strips have been shown to reduce runoff, increase soil health, retain sediment and nutrients, increase biodiversity and have no effect on surrounding crop yield. Due to the comprehensive improvements to soil health under prairie strips, researchers and growers are interested in rotating them on 10-15 year cycles. We have little-to-no knowledge on the effects of planting crops i... C. Dutter, M. St cyr, M. Mcdaniel, C. Carley, A. Singh |
16. Synergism Between Lime and Phosphate Fertilizer Application Enhances Soil Phosphorus AvailabilityBecause phosphorus (P) is a non-renewable resource and an essential mineral element for plant development, understanding factors that affect soil phosphorus bioavailability is crucial for sustainable food production. Soil organic P can account for a large fraction of the total soil P, and its mineralization can replenish the soil solution with plant-available P. Raising the soil pH with a liming agent can enhance soil biological activity and increase soil P availability in acidic soils, but i... M. Harm loman, F.E. Below |
17. Soil Health Indicators help with Fertilizer Application Decisions in South Dakota CornFertilizer inputs are an essential part of corn (Zea mays) cropping systems in the United States. In South Dakota, phosphorus and potassium yearly inputs are based on soil test nutrient levels and a yield goal while sulfur is based on soil texture and tillage practices. These 3 plant nutrients have a point called the “critical value” where addition of more of the nutrient as an inorganic fertilizer should no longer result in a yield increase. These fertilizer ... B. Groebner, J. Clark |
18. Corn Response to Phosphorus Fertilization and Evaluation of Soil Test Methods in Kansas SoilsPhosphorus is a critical nutrient in corn (Zea mays L.) production, and limitation in P availability can result in significant yield reduction. The objective of this study was to evaluate corn response to phosphorus fertilization and evaluate multiple soil test methods in Kansas soils. The study was conducted in 13 locations across Kansas during 2021. Fertilizer treatment consisted of five rates of phosphorus (P) fertilizer (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 lbs. P2O5 acre–1), using mono-... G. Roa , D. Ruiz diaz |
19. Can ProveN Reduce Corn Nitrogen Requirement in Minnesota?ProveN is a microbial product applied in-furrow with the goal of reducing the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer needed for corn (Zea mays L.). Six field trials were established over three growing seasons in Minnesota to evaluate corn response to nitrogen with and without ProveN applied at planting on the seed. Nitrogen was applied as urea prior to planting at five locations and split applied with 1/3 of the total rates of nitrogen applied at -planting, at V4, and V8 growth stages. ... D. Kaiser, J. Vetsch, M. Currie |
20. Winter Wheat Grain and Straw Impacts from Autumn Starter and Spring Nitrogen Fertilizer StrategiesThe overwintering success of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) can be a determining yield factor in Michigan. Autumn-applied starter fertilizer may affect establishment, nutrient uptake, tiller production, and grain and straw yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate soft red winter wheat (SRWW) grain and straw yield in response to autumn applied starter fertilizer, spring nitrogen (N), and varietal stature. A two-year randomized complete block split-plot design w... K. Steinke, L. Thomas |
21. Grain Yield and Nutrient Removal Relationships in High-yield Modern Corn Hybrids Under In-season Sulfur and Potassium ApplicationsAdvancements in modern corn genetics and adoption of intensive management practices, including in-season sulfur (S) and potassium (K) applications, have helped corn farmers set higher yield goals while prompting new questions about plant nutrient dynamics during the season and cumulative nutrient removal with grain at harvest. The primary goal of this study was to investigate how hybrid and fertility management decisions in situations with high yield potential (>225 bushels acre-1) impact ... G. Verhagen, T. Vyn |
22. Comparative Effects of Herbicide, Nitrogen Inhibitors and Nitrogen Source on Nitrification and Corn YieldNitrogen management in crops can be challenging due to nitrogen transformations and losses in soil, such as nitrification and denitrification. Nitrification is the conversion of ammonium (NH4+) to nitrate (NO3-) by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. Nitrates can be lost through leaching during heavy precipitation. Nitrification inhibitor products are used to temporarily slow the nitrification process by... W. Neels, A. Jhala, B. Maharjan, R. Little, J. Iqbal |
23. Biomass and Nitrogen Partitioning of the Modern Russet Varieties of Potatoes Under Nitrogen Stressed and Optimum ConditionsWisconsin is the third largest producers of potatoes in the USA. Nitrogen (N) is the most limiting nutrient in the development of crop biomass and yield. N uptake and partitioning in potato can be different based on the varieties and nutrient availability. These differences can result in the wide variations in yield accumulation and nitrogen use efficiencies. However, there is a lack of quantitative understanding of the in-season N uptake and demand and biomass partitioning of the different v... A. Rawal, M.D. Ruark, R.A. Lankau, J. Ross |
24. Long-Term (16-year) Comparison of Phosphorus Fertilization Strategies: Targeted Soil Test Values Vs. Crop Removal in Corn ProductionDeveloping effective phosphorus (P) fertilization strategies to optimize corn (Zea mays L.) yields across varying environmental conditions is essential. This 16-year study, conducted on Nora silt loam soil in Concord, NE (initial Bray-1 P of 16±3 mg kg⁻¹), evaluated different P fertilization strategies under dry, normal, and wet years. The treatments included: no P or N (NPNN), no P (NP), phosphorus applied at crop removal (CRP), and maintaining soil P at 15 (B15), 30 (B30), and... S. Patel, C. Shapiro, J. Iqbal |
25. Crop and Soil Response to Different Phosphorus Management ApproachesPhosphorus (P) management has implications for crop production and water quality issues in Ohio. Recent data from 457 field P trials conducted in Ohio reported less than 25% positive yield response to P fertilization. It warrants further evaluation of crop P uptake, soil P levels and environmental factors to improve the predictability of crop yield response. Therefore, we collected soil and plant data from three P fertilizer trials (Wooster, South Charleston, and Custar) established in 2006. ... M. Rakkar, L. Fleuridor, S. Culman, G. Labarge |
26. Combined Effects of Nitrogen Rate, Source, and Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer Use in Indiana Corn ProductionSynthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer is the most significant fertilizer applied with regards to both quantity, cost, and yield impacts for Midwest corn (Zea mays L.) production. However, with continued risk of nitrate (NO3) leaching causing groundwater contamination, N volatilization, and dentification which increases nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, continued N management practice improvement, enhanced efficiency N fertilizer use (e.g., nitrification inhibitors, ure... D. Quinn |
27. Polymer Coated Urea and Time of Application for Corn Production in MinnesotaManaging N for corn production is a key to minimizing N losses. Excessively wet spring conditions resulting from ongoing climate change exacerbate loss potential of early spring N applications. Also, a shift in available N fertilizer sources calls for an extensive evaluation of these sources across different soil conditions to update the current N best management practices. The objectives of this research are to evaluate various urea, polymer-coated urea (PCU), and PCU-urea blends and N appli... F. Fernández, K. Fabrizzi, J. Vetsch, W.F. Lazarus |
28. A Novel Calcimeter for Soil Carbonate Assessment with Implications for Accurate Soil Test MethodsCalcium carbonate equivalent content is an important soil characteristic, with rammifications for decisions made in agricultural production and soil testing labs alike. However, soil carbonate measurements are rarely included with soil fertility analyses in Kansas due to their tedius nature and the cost of analysis. The objectives of this study were to develop a reliable calcimeter using open-source electronics and readily available labware, and to evaluate it’s performance against proc... B. Rutter, D. Ruiz diaz |
29. Optimizing Nitrogen Inputs in Malting Barley ProductionIn 2024, North Dakota produced 14.6% of the United States 144 million bushels of barley. Nitrogen (N) availability is a key factor influencing production and as sustainability becomes a priority, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through enhanced efficiency fertilizer is essential. This study evaluated the effect of N application source on spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain yield and quality, as well as estimating N use efficiency (NUE). Field trials took place in 2025 at... B. Goettl, M. Martinez de souza |
30. Investigating the Need for Sulfur for Kentucky Wheat ProductionSulfur (S) deficiencies in Kentucky wheat production are increasing due to a reduction in atmospheric S deposition, greater removal in grain and forage, and less S contamination in phosphorus fertilizers. The University of Kentucky currently does not provide S recommendations based on S soil test results. This is largely due to the Mehlich 3 soil test extractant not being correlated or calibrated for S response in Kentucky crops and the lack of S responsive fields. Surveys and studies were co... E. Ritchey, J. Grove |
31. Emerging Trends from Wisconsin’s Nitrogen Optimization Pilot ProgramAccurately determining nitrogen (N) fertilizer requirements for crops is challenging due to the wide variability in landscapes and field management across the state. Adjusting nitrogen rates comes with a high level of risk considering over-application can reduce profits and negatively affect water quality, while under-application can prevent yield targets from being reached. Conducting field-scale, on-farm research is a practical approach to better estimating optimum N rates on a fi... M. Schauer, M. Ruark |
32. Interpreting Soil Health Test Results to Guide Management for Missouri Row CropsSoil health determines long‑term productivity, nutrient cycling, water retention, and resilience in row‑crop systems. Missouri-specific, data-driven framework for interpreting six complementary soil health indicators—total organic carbon (TOC), permanganate-oxidizable carbon (POXC), 3-day soil respiration, wet aggregate stability (WAS), autoclaved citrate-extractable (ACE) protein, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN)—was developed by the University of Missouri Soil He... G. Singh , K. Nelson, M. Parvej, D. Brandt, R. Myers |
33. Sensor-based Nitrogen Management Affects Corn Production and Environmental N FootprintsTo improve air and water quality, nitrogen (N) management in corn production systems should shift from the current N decision support system [maximum return to N (MRTN)], which suggests a single rate N addition, to sensor-based (GreenSeeker) active N management (variable N rate approach). Single rate N recommendations often result in under- and over-N addition and either increase environmental N losses or cause corn yield penalty. Our objectives were to evaluate corn optimum nitrogen N requir... A. Sadeghpour, O. Guzel, M. Guzel, J. Mcgrath, O. Adeyemi, E. Brevik, S. Koduru |
34. Effects of Anhydrous Ammonia Application Timing on Corn Yield and ProfitabilityNitrogen (N) application timing is a critical decision for Illinois corn (Zea mays L.) producers balancing operational efficiency, economic return, and environmental stewardship. This study compared agronomic and economic outcomes of fall versus spring anhydrous ammonia applications across 19 central Illinois sites from 2013 to 2020, using a randomized complete block design with N rates from 0–361 kg N ha-1. Yield response to N was analyzed to determine agronomic optimum N ra... J. Jones, B. Link, E. Nafziger |
35. Evaluating Commercial Nitrification Inhibitors Under Variable Soil ConditionsNitrification inhibitors (NIs) are commonly used agrochemicals designed to slow the conversion ammonium to nitrate, which has the potential to reduce environmental losses of nitrogen and improve nitrogen fertilizer recovery efficiency. However, their efficacy can be highly variable and is dependent upon soil and environmental characteristics which can vary by geographic location and agricultural production system. This experiment involved a laboratory incubation designed to evaluate the perfo... R. Roth, A. Ludolph |