Proceedings
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1. A New Approach for Predicting Soil Nitrate Using Imagery and Non Imagery Information- Model Development and ValidationSoil nitrate, a key nutrient for optirnal gowth and development of crop, can be predicted using a new approach based on imagery and non imagery information. This paper presents an algorithm to predict soil nitrate using i~nagery and 11011 imagery infoi-~nation. LANDSAT TM satellite image, topography, soil electi-ical conductivity, crop yield, and soil type have been used to develop prediction models based on atificial intelligence technique called neural network. The models have been developed and... |
2. Which Corn Nitrogen Fertilization Rate Tools Preforms the Best in the Midwest?Publicly-available nitrogen (N) rate recommendation tools are utilized to help maximize yield in corn production. These tools often fail when N is over-applied and results in excess N being lost to the environment, or when N is under-applied and results in decreased yield and economic returns. Performance of a tool is often based on the specific soil and weather conditions of a growing season. Research is needed to determine which tools are the most effective at recommending economical optimal N... |
3. NITROGEN CREDIT FOR LONG-TERM NO-TILL CROP PRODUCTION IN NORTH DAKOTAFeedback from farmers who had been in no-till crop production for over twenty years indicated that crop production could be maintained at high levels with a reduction in N rate from the universally recommended rates. Nitrogen rate studies in spring wheat/durum, corn and sunflower have confirmed that N rates can be reduced when a farm is under continuous long-term no-till production. A portion of the N credit may be uptake of N by microorganisms, thereby reducing the amount of N exposed to leaching... D. Franzen |
4. Fertilizer Management of Soybean in Northwestern and Northcentral North DakotaSoybean (Glycine max L.) is a new cash crop for northcentral and northwestern North Dakota (ND) producers. Soils and climate in these new soybean areas differ from current fertilizer guidelines. North central and northwestern ND is more undulating, arid, cooler, and has differing soil pH. A three year study to evaluate soybean best management practices was initiated in the spring of 2016 and will be concluded in 2018. Each year had two sites and twelve treatments. One site was acidic (pH... C. Augustin, D. Franzen |
5. Active-Optical Reflectance Sensing Evaluated for Red and Red-Edge Waveband SensitivityUncertainty exists with corn (Zea mays L.) N management due to year-to-year variation in crop N need, soil N supply, and N loss from leaching, volatilization, and denitrification. Active-optical reflectance sensing (AORS) has proven effective in some fields for generating N fertilizer recommendations that improve N use efficiency. However, various sensors utilize different wavebands of light to calculate N fertilizer recommendations making it difficult to know which waveband is most sensitive... G. Bean, N. Kitchen, J. Camberato, R. Ferguson, F. Fernandez, D. Franzen, C. Laboski, E. Nafziger, J. Sawyer, P. Scharf, J. Schepers, J. Shanahan |
6. Do Split-Nitrogen Applications in the Midwest Affect Corn Nitrogen Uptake and Grain Yield?It is hypothesized that split-nitrogen (N) relative to single near-planting applications improve corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield and nitrogen recovery efficiency, which can lessen environmental impacts of fertilization. However, these hypotheses have not been fully tested. A 49-site-year study across eight US Midwestern states over three years was conducted to compare near-planting (Single) and split-N (Split) applications. Three N application timings were evaluated [Single near planting, 40... J. Clark, F. Fernandez, J. Camberato, P. Carter, R. Ferguson, D. Franzen, N. Kitchen, C. Laboski, E. Nafziger, J. Sawyer, J. Shanahan |
7. Potassium Recalibration for Corn in North Dakota and Sampling TimePotassium (K) fertilizer recommendations for corn (Zea mays, L.) are commonly guided by yield response calibrations to soil K levels; however, sample drying and time of soil sampling have been shown to affect the amount of extractable K. Potassium rate trials were established at 13 locations in southeastern North Dakota during 2015 with objectives to evaluate soil K testing methods and their relationship with corn yield response to K fertilization and to assess temporal soil K variation.... J. Breker, D. Franzen |
8. The Anaerobic Potentially Mineralizable Nitrogen Test as a Tool for Nitrogen Management in the MidwestThe anaerobic potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMNan) test is a tool that can improve estimations of mineralizable nitrogen (N) and enhance nitrogen use efficiency. This tool may also help improve predictions of N uptake, grain yield, and the economic optimum nitrogen rate (EONR) of corn (Zea mays L.). A 32 site-year study across eight US Midwestern states was conducted to 1) compare the effect of incubation length (7-, 14-, 28-d), soil sampling timing, N fertilizer rate, and their... J. Clark, K. Sloan veum, F. Fernandez, J. Camberato, P. Carter, R. Ferguson, D. Franzen, N. Kitchen, C. Laboski, E. Nafziger, J. Sawyer, J. Shanahan |
9. Oh, K? When is Too Much K Too Much?Potassium is required in large amounts by crop plants and is a staple fertilizer, mainly as KCl. Recent data across three midwestern states suggests that sometimes, especially at high rates and shortly before planting, KCl may have negative impacts on corn and/or soybean yields. Three researchers will briefly describe their research in this area and then field questions from the audience. - Kaiser Twenty-nine potassium (K) fertilizer trials were conducted in eastern... D. Kaiser, S. Casteel, D. Franzen |
10. Independence of Yield and N-Rate, and Use of EONR in N Fertilizer Recommendations in North DakotaEvidence for the independence of N-rate and yield comes from the improved relationship of N-rate with relative yield compared to raw yield in corn, spring wheat and sunflower N-rate experiments in North Dakota. Relationships were also improved in corn by grouping experiments by regional location and whether the soils are high clay (>40% clay) or not, and discriminating between long-term no-till (6 years or more continuous no-till) or conventional till. In spring wheat, regional differences... D. Franzen, H. Bu, L. Sharma, E.C. Schultz, A. Wick, B. Goettl, M. Berti |
11. Managing Nitrogen to Optimize Yield and Quality of North Dakota Two-row Malting BarleyAs the demand of two-row malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) increases, having sound N recommendations is increasingly necessary. Not only does N play a role in grain yield, but it may also significantly impact grain malting characteristics including protein, plump, and test weight. To determine the impacts N rate and N availability have on two-row malting barley, two experimental sites were established in both Spring 2020 and 2021. The experiment was organized in a randomized complete... B. Goettl, H. Bu, A. Wick, D. Franzen |
12. Advances in North Dakota Soil Fertility 2022Following years of accumulating data from field studies using the GreenSeeker™ and Holland Scientific Crop Circle™ active optical sensors, algorithms for use in spring wheat for in-season N application for yield, and immediate post-anthesis N application for protein enhancement have been developed. Both algorithms require an N non-limiting area as a standard. The algorithm for protein enhancement considers whether a cultivar has inherent high protein or lower protein characteristics... D. Franzen, H. Bu, M. Berti, A. Wick |
13. Summary of Regional Studies in Corn on Selected Commercial Asymbiotic N-fixing Organisms and Suggestions for Companies Developing Similar ProductsThis presentation will provide a brief summary of N rate studies from the North Central region which include treatments with selected commercial asymbiotic N-fixation organism products. Farmers are encouraged to remain curious of new products, but also skeptical; testing the products of interest through replicated strip trials their farms to determine whether the products have value to their operation. In conversations over the past several months with companies interested in developing asymbiotic... D. Franzen |
14. Cover Crops and Nitrogen Cycling in North Dakota Cropping SystemsCover crops have proven effective in reducing wind and water erosion, improving soil health, and capturing excess N in the fall to prevent leaching. Although the benefits of cover crops to soil health are widely reported, their impact on the yield of the following crops is not clear. The purpose of this North Dakota study was to determine the impact cover crops have on the yield of following corn (Zea Mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crops along with quantifying nitrogen... B. Goettl, D. Franzen |